The Indonesian Way

Tinggal di kost, apartemen kecil, atau rumah sempit yang kecil dengan tempat yang pas-pasan? Pastinya pingin dong membuat ruangan kecil terlihat lebih besar. Dari kamar tidur yang hampir sama besarnya dengan tempat tidur, hingga ruang keluarga yang harus digabungkan dengan ruang makan, pastinya bukanlah hal yang mudah untuk ditata dan dibuat terlihat seluas mungkin.

Tenang, ada solusi mudah yang akan membantu membuat rumah kecilmu terlihat lebih luas serta multi fungsi dan tetap terlihat indah. Yuk, simak tipsnya berikut ini!

Gunakan Warna Cerah sebagai Cat Dinding

Memang cat dinding berwarna gelap dapat membuat ruangan terasa nyaman, tetapi hal ini juga dapat menyerap cahaya dan bukan memantulkannya, sehingga membuat ruang terasa lebih kecil. Pilihlah ubin berwarna lebih terang serta warna dinding yang terang juga untuk membuat ruangan terasa lebih luas.

Hindari Menaruh Barang dan Furnitur di Pinggir

Menaruh furnitur sehingga menempel di dinding membuat ruangan terlihat dan terasa sempit. Berikan ruangan antara furnitur dan dinding, atau menaruhnya di tengah ruangan dapat membuat ruangan sempit terlihat lebih luas dari sebenarnya.

Gunakan Furnitur Multifungsi

Menggunakan furnitur yang memiliki banyak fungsi adalah cara sederhana untuk membuat sebuah ruangan terlihat lebih besar. Cobalah kursi yang dapat dibuka sebagai tempat penyimpanan atau sofabed yang dapat menjadi sofa dan tempat tidur.

Gunakan Cermin

Cermin adalah cara termudah untuk membuat ruangan tampak lebih besar. Meskipun tidak perlu menggunakan kaca di setiap ruangan, kamu dapat menggunakan kaca sebagai statement piece di dalam suatu ruangan yang dapat membuat cermin itu juga sebagai aksesoris di ruangan tersebut.

Gunakan Furnitur yang Bisa Dilipat

Furnitur lipat bukan berarti tidak bagus dipandang. Bisa pilih meja atau kursi lipat di ruang makan dan jika sudah tidak dibutuhkan bisa dilipat dan simpan. Kamu juga dapat memindahkan furnitur tersebut ke ruangan apapun di rumahmu. Ruangan pun terlihat lebih besar!

Warna Monokromatik

Cat dinding, furnitur, ubin, aksesoris dalam satu warna, seperti putih dan krem dapat membuat ruangan terlihat lebih besar. Kamu juga dapat memberikan aksen warna sebagai pop of color agar ruangan terlihat lebih “hidup”.

Cat Langit-Langit Ruangan

Sementara cat dinding putih yang terang dapat membuat sebuah ruangan terlihat lebih terbuka, langit-langit berwarna gelap dapat menciptakan ilusi ruangan yang lebih tinggi karena dapat membuat kita memandang ke langit-langit ruangan.

Dengan mengikuti beberapa tips sederhana tentang mendekorasi ruangan kecil untuk membuat ruangan terlihat lebih besar, rumah akan merasa nyaman dan tidak terasa sempit. Kamu pun akan memiliki ruang yang sesuai dengan semua kebutuhanmu.

If you go to Bali, you will often find people with the same name, for example Wayan or Made. What do the names mean?

The phrase name is a proper prayer to describe how a name is made not only as a person's identity but also stores meaning and hope for the owner. This is reflected in the unique naming system of various ethnic groups in Indonesia.

Each tribe or group has its own rules in compiling names, one of them Balinese according to the journal Temajaya (2017) composed of elements of gender, birth order, and caste system. The combination of these three elements often makes the Balinese name long.

The gender element generally starts the name of Balinese. Words like 'I' or 'Ni' are used to distinguish the sexes where 'I' is given to men while 'Ni' is to women.

Then, Balinese names are also composed of birth order markers. According to Kanda Pat Sari Literature, there are four types of naming children ranging from the oldest to the youngest, namely Wayan, Made, Nyoman, and Ketut.

In Temajaya's study entitled "The Balinese Naming System", the name Wayan was used for the first child. Wayan comes from the word wayah which means old. For the first child, there are also other variations that are usually used, namely Putu which means grandchild, or Gede which means big. In the caste aspect, the name Putu is more likely to be chosen among the people above the Sudra caste.

Then for the second child, they will usually be called Made which comes from the word madya (middle). The second child can also be called Nengah which also means middle or Kadek which means sister.

The third child will be given the name Nyoman which comes from the word anom, meaning young or small. Other sources also say that the third child can be named Nyoman or Komang which comes from the word uman, meaning leftover. The third child names are associated with the final (young) nature. This can be attributed to the Balinese society which is based on the number three (including the number of children) because it is identical with the Balinese Hindu concept such as Tri Hita Karana, Tri Murti, Tri Rich Parisudha, and others. This also relates to the name Ketut given to the fourth child. Ketut comes from the word ketuut which means to follow or stalk, where this child is said to be born after the first three children.

What if in a family there are more than 4 children? The naming will be repeated/ returned to the first name. So, the fifth child will be given the first child naming, the sixth child will be given the second child naming, and so on. For example, the first child named Wayan and the fifth will also be named the same.

Then how do you distinguish between the first or fifth child?

To avoid this misunderstanding, usually Balinese will give a marker after the birth order name. The markers are for example alit which means little for a child born after four children. In addition, there are also those who use numerical sequences from the Old Javanese language such as panca for the fifth child. Another alternative is to add the word balik that means back.

The last element that forms the name of the Balinese is caste or social class. Nowdays caste no longer functions as a division of labor in society but is still used in the family tree as in naming someone. The castes consist of four groups, namely Brahmins, Ksatrias, Vaishyas and Sudras.

Brahmins are descendants of religious leaders who were trusted in the kingdom to lead religious ceremonies. People from this caste will generally have the first name Ida Bagus for men and Ida Ayu for women. For the Brahmin caste, the words 'I' and 'Ni' are replaced by 'Bagus' (handsome) for boys, and 'Ayu' (beautiful) for girls.

Next, the Ksatrias are descended from kings, aristocrats, or royal groups. People from this caste generally have the title of Anak Agung, Cokorda, or Gusti. For women usually named Dewa Ayu, Desak, or Sagung.

Then for the Vaishya who are descendants of traders and businessmen of the royal era, have names like Ngakan, Kompyang, Sang, and Si. However, these names are rarely found and usually they prefer names in the order of birth.

Finally, the Sudra group who used to work as workers or laborers but now have more varied occupations such as working in government or the private sector. Sudra names use birth order without a certain title.

All these three elements (sex, birth order, caste) are combined into a Balinese name. For example, Ida Bagus Ketut Maha Indra which means a man, the fourth child of the Brahmin group who is expected to be a big person like God Indra.

Another example, Anak Agung Istri Purnamawati means a daughter from the Ksatria group who is expected to grow into a beautiful girl like a full moon.

Now, if you already know the basic concept, can you now guess the meaning of the name of the Balinese you know?

Eid al-Fitr, also known as Feast of Breaking the Fast or Sugar Feast, is one of the biggest festivals for Muslims around the world. It celebrates the end of Ramadan fasting month when Muslims are obliged to refrain from food, drinks, and lust from dawn to dusk.

This festival is celebrated on the first of Shawwal in Islamic lunar calendar or Hijri calendar. Due to different calculation between Hijri Calendar and Gregorian calendar, the date of Eid al-Fitr changes from year to year in Gregorian / Western calendar.

When is Eid al-Fitr in 2017?

Eid al-Fitr 2017 or Eid al-Fitr 1438 Hijri is likely to fall on Sunday, 25 June 2017. Please note that this Eid al-Fitr 2017 date is only an estimate. The actual date will be announced adjacent to the festival.

Eid al-Fitr Traditions and Celebrations

Muslims in different countries may have different traditions in celebrating Eid al-Fitr. Yet, there are some Eid ul-Fitr traditions performed by most Muslims around the world. The sounds of takbir reverberate from the mosques and mushalla from the evening before Eid al-Fitr. Early morning, Muslims go to the mosque to do Eid al-Fitr Salat. They greet each other and say “Eid Mubarak” or “Happy Eid” to everyone they meet. On this holy day, Muslim people are encourage to ask for forgiveness and forgive everyone for whatever they’ve done.

Before offering the Eid Prayer, Muslims are obliged to pay “Zakat Fitra”, a kind of charity of the poor, orphans, the elderlies, and wayfarers. They pay Zakat Fitra by donating 2,5 kilograms or 3,5 liters of staple food such as rice, flour, wheat, corn, etc. In Indonesia and many other countries, staple food can be replaced with cash as much as the price of the staple food. On the day of Eid al-Fitr, Muslims are forbidden to fast.

Eid al-Fitr Holidays

Some countries with significant number of Muslims celebrate Eid al-Fitr as a public holiday. The holidays may last for one, two, three, or even seven days in a row. Here is the list of countries which make Eid al-Fitr as one of their public holidays.

Bangladesh : 3-day holiday
Egypt : 1-day holiday
Indonesia : 2-day holiday
Malaysia : 2-day holiday
Nigeria : 1-day holiday
Pakistan : 3-days holiday
Saudi Arabia : 3 to 10-day holiday
Singapore : 1-day holiday
Sudan : 1-day holiday
Tunisia : 2-day holiday
Turkey : 3-day holiday

Eid al-Fitr Greetings

Here are some Eid al-Fitr greetings in different countries around the world:

Global : Eid Mubarak
Middle-east countries : Eid Mubarak or E’id Sa’id
Indonesia : Selamat Hari Raya Idul Fitri, Selamat Idul Fitri, or Selamat Lebaran, Mohon Maaf Lahir Batin
Turkey : Bayram?n?z kutlu olsun
Malaysia : Selamat Hari Raya or Selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri
Singapore : Selamat Hari Raya, Maaf Zahir dan Batin
Nigeria : Barka Da Sallah

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